Buying Land in Cameroon Without Getting Scammed

Buying a plot of land is often a once-in-a-lifetime investment. In Cameroon, instances of land being sold twice or the use of forged title deeds do occur; the following steps outline the verifications necessary to protect the buyer.

List of Verifications

1. Request the land title number and a copy of the title deed from the seller. If there is no title, see the section below.
2. Obtain a certificate of ownership from the Land Registry; this confirms the registered owner and indicates any existing mortgages or legal encumbrances (such as liens or pending claims).
3. Visit the land with a sworn surveyor to verify its boundaries and surface area against the details provided in the title deed.
4. In urban areas, request an urban planning certificate (under Law No. 2004/003 of April 21, 2004) to determine what you are permitted to build on the site.
5. Execute the sale before a notary. Do not sign a private agreement for titled land; the notary is responsible for verifying that the seller has the legal right to sell the property.
6. Ensure the formal transfer of the title deed into your name; this is the step that establishes you as the official legal owner.

Land Without a Title Deed

Customary land that lacks a formal title deed is considered part of the "national domain." Its "purchase" does not constitute a transfer of ownership; instead, one must follow a formal registration or concession procedure. Certificates issued since 2026 by certain traditional leaders (such as those under the ARDFC or AJPTER frameworks) are merely interim documents and do not constitute official land titles.

Seek advice before making any payments.

Buying from abroad

• Grant a written power of attorney to a trusted individual—ideally via a notarized deed.
• Make payments via bank transfer—either to the notary or to an account held in the verified seller’s name—and never in cash to an intermediary.
• Request photographs and a video walkthrough, but ensure the aforementioned verifications are carried out on-site.

Frequently Asked Questions

How can I verify the authenticity of a land title?

Using the title number, request a certificate of ownership from the land registry; this document identifies the registered owner and any encumbrances on the land. Do not rely solely on a copy.

Is it possible to purchase land that lacks a formal title?

While you may acquire rights to land within the national domain, this does not constitute ownership of titled property. Securing a title would require a registration process—a procedure that is often lengthy and uncertain. A notary can advise you on whether this is feasible for a specific plot of land.

Can a foreign national purchase land in Cameroon?

Specific regulations may apply depending on your nationality and the nature of the land. Consult a notary before entering into any commitments.

Who is responsible for notary fees and taxes?

This is a matter for negotiation within the deed of sale. Ensure that the division of costs is clearly specified in the document, and request a written breakdown of expenses from the notary before signing.